![]() Reactions to the triggers can include aggression toward the origin of the sound, leaving, remaining in its presence but suffering, trying to block it or trying to mimic the sound. Reactions to triggers can range from mild ( anxiety, discomfort, and/or disgust) to severe ( rage, anger, hatred, panic, fear, and/or emotional distress). A visual trigger may develop related to the trigger sound, and a misophonic reaction can occur in the absence of a sound (examples include leg swinging, hair twirling, and finger pointing). But more recent research provides neural evidence for non-orofacial triggers. ![]() One study found that around 80% of the sounds were related to the mouth (e.g., eating, slurping, chewing or popping gum, whispering, whistling, nose sniffing) and around 60% were repetitive. These sounds usually appear quiet to others, but can seem loud to the person with misophonia, as if they can't hear anything except the sound. Some initial small studies showed that people with misophonia generally have strong negative feelings, thoughts, and physical reactions to specific sounds, which the literature calls "trigger sounds". Signs and symptoms Īs of 2016, the literature on misophonia was limited. ![]() "Misophonia" comes from the Ancient Greek words μῖσος (IPA: /mîː.sos/), meaning "hate", and φωνή (IPA: /pʰɔː.nɛ̌ː/), meaning "voice" or "sound", loosely translating to "hate of sound", and was coined to differentiate the condition from other forms of decreased sound tolerance such as hyperacusis (hypersensitivity to certain frequencies and volume ranges) and phonophobia (fear of sounds). The term was first used in a peer-reviewed journal in 2002. Jastreboff, with the assistance of the classicist Guy Lee, introducing it in their article "Hyperacusis", with further explanation in the International Tinnitus and Hyperacusis Society's ITHS Newsletter. The term was coined in 2001 by professor Pawel Jastreboff and doctor Margaret M. Misophonia symptoms are typically first observed in childhood or early adolescence. Some people with misophonia are aware that their reactions to misophonic triggers are disproportionate to the circumstances. The expression of misophonia symptoms varies, as does the severity, which ranges from mild to severe. Once a trigger stimulus is detected, people with misophonia may have difficulty distracting themselves from the stimulus and may experience suffering, distress, and/or impairment in social, occupational, or academic functioning. Triggers are commonly repetitive stimuli and are primarily, but not exclusively, related to the human body, such as chewing, eating, smacking lips, slurping, coughing, throat clearing, and swallowing. Misophonia responses do not seem to be elicited by the loudness of the sound, but rather by its specific pattern or meaning to the hearer. Reactions to trigger sounds range from annoyance to anger, with possible activation of the fight-or-flight response. It was first recognized in 2001, though it is still not in the DSM-5 or any similar manual. Misophonia and misophonic symptoms can adversely affect the ability to achieve life goals and enjoy social situations. ![]() These cues, known as "triggers", are experienced as unpleasant or distressing and tend to evoke strong negative emotional, physiological, and behavioral responses that are not seen in most other people. Misophonia (or selective sound sensitivity syndrome, sound-rage) is a disorder of decreased tolerance to specific sounds or their associated stimuli, or cues. Selective sound sensitivity syndrome, select sound sensitivity syndrome, sound-rage ![]()
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